133,705Total Population
5Admin. Districts
3Electoral Districts
18Clans · 5 Chiefdoms
51.3%Male (68,574)
48.7%Female (65,131)
68.9Pop./km²
3.5Avg. HH Size

Administrative Districts Population Overview

Administrative Districts Population Overview: Bomi (County Total: 133,705)
Admin District Male Male % Female Female % Total % of County
Klay13,23851.5%12,48248.5%25,72019.2%
Suehn Mecca8,57752.9%7,64247.1%16,21912.1%
Senjeh26,90551.0%25,83549.0%52,74039.4%
Dowein14,49551.1%13,87648.9%28,37121.2%
Tehr5,35950.3%5,29649.7%10,6558.0%
Total68,57451.3%65,13148.7%133,705100.0%

Source: 2022 Liberia Population and Housing Census — LISGIS Final Results, Appendix B, Table B1, Page 84. Published June 2023.

Population Distribution by Administrative District (2022)

Senjeh
52,740
39.4%
Dowein
28,371
21.2%
Klay
25,720
19.2%
Suehn Mecca
16,219
12.1%
Tehr
10,655
8.0%

Source: LISGIS 2022 Census, Table B1, Page 84. County total: 133,705.

County Profile Overview

CountyBomi
Year Established1984
CapitalTubmanburg
Population (2022)133,705 — 68,574 males (51.3%) / 65,131 females (48.7%)
Area1,942 km² (750 sq mi)
Population Density68.9 persons/km²
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Admin. Districts5 — Senjeh, Dowein, Klay, Suehn Mecca, Tehr
Electoral Districts3 — ED 1, ED 2, ED 3
Chiefdoms5
Clans18
% of National Population2.55% of 5,250,187
Avg. Household Size (2022)3.5 persons — lowest in Liberia
Urban Population34,166 (25.6%)
Rural Population99,539 (74.4%)
Sex Ratio105.3 males per 100 females
Total Households38,599
Agric. Households32.0% — national avg. 30.2%
Population Growth+58.9% since 2008 (from 84,119)
Bordered ByGbarpolu (N), Grand Cape Mount (W), Montserrado (E/SE), Atlantic Ocean (S)
Primary Data SourceLISGIS 2022 Population and Housing Census, Final Results, Table B1

District Profiles

Each district's population is from the 2022 LISGIS Census, Table B1, Page 84. All figures are exact — no estimates.

Senjeh District 52,740 · 39.4%

The most populous district, home to Tubmanburg City — the county seat. Site of Liberia's historic iron ore mining industry (LMC, 1950s–1979) and the iconic Blue Lake, a ~300-foot-deep crater lake formed after mining operations ceased.

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Tubmanburg was formerly known as Bomi Hills and was renamed in honour of President William V.S. Tubman during his 76th birthday celebration in 1963. The Liberia Mining Company (LMC), a subsidiary of Republic Steel Corporation, operated iron ore extraction here, completing a 43-mile narrow-gauge railway to Monrovia in 1951. LMC built hospitals, schools, and infrastructure that defined the area for decades. Operations ceased around 1977–1979, leaving the Blue Lake — aquamarine, ~300 feet deep, suspended between surrounding hills — which has been identified as a tourism destination since 2007.

Senjeh covers Electoral District 1 (Tubmanburg City plus 9 amalgamated towns: Baima, Barmo, Beafinie, Besao, Bola, Gayah Hill, Sackie, Weakama, and Zamian) and one town in Electoral District 2 (Maher amalgamated town). During the Second Civil War (1999–2003), Tubmanburg served as headquarters for the LURD rebel group. The county seat today houses government services, commerce, and health infrastructure for the wider county.

52,740Total (2022)
26,905Male · 51.0%
25,835Female · 49.0%
39.4%Of County

Dowein District 28,371 · 21.2%

The second most populous district, occupying the central interior. A primarily rural and agricultural district that spans both ED 2 and ED 3.

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Dowein (also Dewoin) is divided across two electoral districts. In Electoral District 2: amalgamated towns of Beh, Gbaigbon, Manjama and Vortor. In Electoral District 3: amalgamated towns of Binda, Bogbeh, Bonor, Bowein, Dargweh, Jenneh, Leyahn, Vincent, Weajor and Zohn Barmon. Agriculture — rice, cassava, sweet potatoes, plantains, and palm products — forms the economic foundation. The district lies within Bomi's broader natural resources zone containing diamonds, gold, and timber.

28,371Total (2022)
14,495Male · 51.1%
13,876Female · 48.9%
21.2%Of County

Klay District 25,720 · 19.2%

Southwestern Bomi, along the Monrovia–Tubmanburg highway (~40 km from Monrovia). Home to the Sime Darby rubber and palm oil plantation — Liberia's second-largest — entirely within ED 2.

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Klay falls entirely within Electoral District 2, covering 7 amalgamated towns: Gogehn, Golodee, Gonzipo, Guie, Kowadee, Malema, and Seah. Sime Darby (formerly the Guthrie Plantation) employs a significant portion of the district's active workforce and dominates extensive stretches of the highway corridor. Klay town is a key transport crossroads, with the Bomi County Highway extending toward Bo Waterside in Grand Cape Mount County, supporting cross-border trade with Sierra Leone.

25,720Total (2022)
13,238Male · 51.5%
12,482Female · 48.5%
19.2%Of County

Suehn Mecca District 16,219 · 12.1%

Southern coastal district bordered by the Atlantic Ocean. Includes Ting Mamu and Ting Nyajo islands. Covered entirely by Electoral District 3. Has the highest male proportion (52.9%) among Bomi's districts.

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Suehn Mecca (also recorded as Seuhn Mecca) is entirely covered by Electoral District 3 — all its amalgamated towns fall within ED 3. Its Atlantic coastal location supports fishing communities alongside inland agriculture. The district's proximity to Montserrado County positions it for potential coastal development and marine economic activity as post-war infrastructure improves.

16,219Total (2022)
8,577Male · 52.9%
7,642Female · 47.1%
12.1%Of County

Tehr District 10,655 · 8.0%

Least populous district, occupying the northeastern interior and bordering Gbarpolu County to the north. Most balanced sex ratio (50.3% M / 49.7% F) among the five districts. Spans both ED 2 and ED 3.

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Tehr is the fifth and most recently added administrative district. In Electoral District 2: 10 amalgamated towns — Deadilah, Feffeh, Gbargbah, Golodee, Lekpeh, Moah, Nyamah, Todien, Weamoi, and Weawolo. In Electoral District 3: Boe and Zahn amalgamated towns. Agriculture — rice, cassava, and subsistence farming — forms the economic base. The district's northern border with Gbarpolu County provides potential cross-border economic linkages, and its forests contain timber, gold, and diamond resources.

10,655Total (2022)
5,359Male · 50.3%
5,296Female · 49.7%
8.0%Of County
2Electoral Dists.
12Amalg. Towns

Administrative Districts vs. Electoral Districts

Bomi operates two distinct district structures. See also: District Types and Districts Introduction.

5 Administrative Districts (AD)

Headed by District Commissioners appointed by the President. Used for public administration, tax collection, and development planning. Bomi has 5 Chiefdoms and 18 Clans.

3 Electoral Districts (ED)

  • ED 1 — Senjeh (9 towns) + Tubmanburg City 19,236 voters
  • ED 2 — Parts of Senjeh, Dowein, Klay, Tehr 19,143 voters
  • ED 3 — Parts of Dowein, Suehn Mecca, Tehr 24,733 voters

Each elects one Representative to the House of Representatives. Total: 63,112 registered voters across 84 centers (NEC, July 2023).

Registered Voter Population Overview: Bomi County Electoral Districts (NEC, July 2023)
Electoral District Female Female % Male Male % Total Centers
Electoral District 19,41948.97%9,81751.03%19,23627
Electoral District 29,42149.21%9,72250.79%19,14328
Electoral District 311,84447.88%12,88952.12%24,73329
County Total30,68448.62%32,42851.38%63,11284

Source: National Elections Commission (NEC), Republic of Liberia — Electoral Districts & Eligible Voter Registrants Summary Report, July 28, 2023.


Governance Structure

Bomi County operates within Liberia's centralized governance framework. See also: District Leadership.

County Superintendent

Presidential appointee heading the county. Oversees all administrative operations and liaises between county and central government.

District Commissioners (5)

Appointed by the President for each of Bomi's 5 administrative districts. Handle day-to-day administration, public order, and development implementation.

Representatives (3)

Elected to the House of Representatives — one per electoral district. ED 1: Rep. Jahkpakpa O. Barney; ED 2 and ED 3 each return one member.

Senators (2)

Bomi County elects two senators to the Liberian Senate, representing the county at the national legislative level.

Paramount Chiefs (5)

Lead chiefdoms within districts. Handle customary law, land disputes, and community mobilization. Bomi has 5 chiefdoms across 18 clans.

Clan Chiefs (18 Clans)

Govern at the sub-chiefdom level — the most local point of traditional governance across the county's 18 clans.


Historical Background

Bomi means "light" in the Gola language, recognizing the County's status as the first site for iron ore mining in Liberia.

1904–1912
Barclay Administration — Inland Province System
Under President Arthur Barclay, Liberia's hinterland was organized into provinces subdivided into administrative districts, clans, and chiefdoms — establishing the basic framework that evolved into today's district system.
1950s–1979
Iron Ore Mining Era in Bomi Hills
The Liberia Mining Company (LMC, a subsidiary of Republic Steel Corporation) extracted iron ore from the Bomi Hills, completing a 43-mile railway to Monrovia in 1951. Mining made Liberia Africa's largest iron ore exporter in the 1960s–70s. Operations ceased 1977–1979, leaving the Blue Lake crater.
1963
Bomi Territory; Capital Renamed Tubmanburg
Under President Tubman's Unification policy, Bomi became a territory under Montserrado County. The capital was renamed Tubmanburg in Tubman's honour on his 76th birthday.
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1983–1984
Bomi County Established — Four Original Districts
The Doe regime annexed Bomi Territory from Montserrado County in 1983; the legislative act confirming Bomi as a county took effect March 19, 1984. Original four districts: Senjeh, Klay, Dowein, and Suehn Mecca.
1989–2003
Civil War Devastation Across All Districts
The First and Second Civil Wars devastated all of Bomi's districts. Tubmanburg was largely destroyed in the First Civil War and served as LURD rebel headquarters in the Second. Atrocities were committed and public infrastructure was destroyed across all districts. The proximity of Bomi to Montserrado rendered it particularly vulnerable as fighting groups struggled to control the capital.
2003–Present
Post-War Reconstruction; Tehr Added as Fifth District
Following the 2003 Comprehensive Peace Agreement, Tehr was established as the fifth administrative district. The 2022 LISGIS census recorded 133,705 residents — a 58.9% increase from 84,119 in 2008 — reflecting post-war resettlement. Bomi recorded the lowest average household size in Liberia at 3.5 persons per household.

People, Ethnicity & Culture

Bomi County is a predominantly Gola-speaking region, though at least 15 dialects or languages are spoken. The four principal ethnic groups are Gola, Dei, Mandingo and Kpelle, though all 16 of Liberia's major groups are thought to be represented. Some 70% of the active workforce is engaged in agriculture.

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Per the 2022 LISGIS census (Table A7), the Gola constitute 3.8% of Liberia's national ethnic population. The Poro (men's) and Sande (women's) bush societies — traditional initiation institutions central to the Gola — remain active across the county's districts. Local cuisine includes Wolor, a distinctive soup made from ground okra. 20% of the workforce participates in business and trading; local governments employ 10%. The Gola are considered one of Liberia's oldest tribes and are credited with originating both the Poro and Sande societies in Liberia.


Economy & Natural Resources

Per the 2022 LISGIS census, 32.0% of Bomi's households are engaged in agriculture — above the national average of 30.2%. Agricultural households are predominantly male-headed (67.1%, Table A23). Bomi represents 3.4% of Liberia's total agricultural households.

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Key Economic Assets and Natural Resources by Administrative District
DistrictKey Economic AssetsNatural Resources
SenjehTubmanburg commerce; government services; Blue Lake tourism; former iron ore infrastructureIron ore (Bomi Hills); stone & sand; gold
KlaySime Darby rubber & palm oil plantation (2nd largest in Liberia); highway commerce; proximity to MonroviaRubber; palm oil; fertile agricultural land
DoweinSubsistence & commercial farming; timber; cross-district tradeTimber; diamonds; gold; agricultural land
Suehn MeccaAtlantic coastal fishing; marine resources; agricultural productionMarine fisheries; Atlantic shoreline; agricultural land
TehrSubsistence agriculture; forest resources; cross-border links to GbarpoluTimber; gold; diamonds; fertile land

Natural Resources of Bomi County

⛏️ Iron Ore — Senjeh 💎 Diamonds — Interior 🪨 Gold — Dowein, Tehr, Senjeh 🌿 Rubber — Klay (Sime Darby) 🌴 Timber — Interior Forests 🛢️ Palm Oil — Klay, Suehn Mecca 🐟 Marine Fisheries — Suehn Mecca 💧 Rivers — Saint Paul, Lofa 🏔️ Stone & Sand — Bomi Hills 🌾 Agricultural Land — All Districts

Geography & Demographic Summary

Spanning 1,942 km², Bomi is bordered by Gbarpolu (N), Grand Cape Mount (W), Montserrado (E/SE), and the Atlantic Ocean (S).

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Bomi County — Geographic and Demographic Summary (2022 LISGIS)
IndicatorBomi CountyLiberia National
Total Population (2022)133,7055,250,187
% of National Population2.55%100%
Land Area1,942 km²97,098 km²
Population Density68.9 persons/km²140 persons/km²
Urban Population34,166 (25.6%)2,862,154 (54.5%)
Rural Population99,539 (74.4%)2,388,033 (45.5%)
Average Household Size3.5 — lowest in Liberia4.4
Sex Ratio (M per 100 F)105.3101.5
Total Households38,5991,187,514
Agricultural Households32.0% of households30.2% national avg.
Population Growth (2008–2022)+58.9% (from 84,119)+51.0%

Sources: LISGIS 2022 Population and Housing Census, Final Results, Tables A3, A4, A8, A10, A23 and Table B1.


See Also on Liberia Data

Bomi County Overview Bomi Electoral District 1 Bomi Electoral District 2 Bomi Electoral District 3 Districts Introduction District Types District Leadership All Counties All Districts Gbarpolu County Grand Cape Mount County Montserrado County
Sources:

Republic of Liberia — Ministry of Internal Affairs

Liberian Government Gazette (1964 Establishment Act)

National Archives of Liberia

Bomi County Administration Official County Publications; County Development Agenda (CDA)

2022 Housing and Population Census: Liberia Institute of Statistics and Geo-Information Services (LISGIS) — Final Results, Appendix B, Table B1: Population Distribution by County, Administrative District, and Sex, Page 84; and Appendix A Tables A3, A4, A8, A10, A23. Published June 2023. lisgis.gov.lr

2008 National Population and Housing Census: LISGIS — Bomi County Map with District Population Figures

National Elections Commission (NEC), Republic of Liberia — Electoral Districts & Eligible Voter Registrants Summary Report, July 28, 2023. necliberia.org

Senate.gov.lr — Republic of Liberia Legislature

LiberiaData.com — Districts Introduction

LiberiaData.com — Bomi County

Crown Copyright (2015) — PCGN Information Paper: Liberia Administrative Divisions

Britannica — Tubmanburg entry